Kidney Diseases

Also called: Renal disease

Your kidneys are two bean-shaped organs, each about the size of your fists. They are located near the middle of your back, just below the rib cage. Inside each kidney about a million tiny structures called nephrons filter blood. They remove waste products and extra water, which become urine. The urine flows through tubes called ureters to your bladder, which stores the urine until you go to the bathroom.

Damage to the nephrons results in kidney disease. This damage may leave kidneys unable to remove wastes. Usually the damage occurs slowly over years. There are no obvious symptoms, so you don't know it is happening.

Many things can cause kidney disease. You are at risk if you have

* Diabetes

* High blood pressure

* A close family member with kidney disease

Your doctor can run tests to find out if you have kidney disease. If your kidneys fail completely, a kidney transplant or dialysis can replace the work your kidneys normally do.

Samsung i900 cell phone

The Samsung i900 is the top model in this line-up of new Samsung mobile phones. Even thought the Samsung i900 was spotted before on the Internet, it did notattract that much attention if any at all. The Samsung i900 has been equipped with a large touchscreen monitor with 262,000 colours and a resolution of 240x320. The device offers Quad-band, GPRS and UMTS connections.

In addition to the UMTS connection for Internet access, the Samsung i900 also features WLAN connection possibilities. These connectivity possibilities together with the VGA camera on the front, enable the user to make video-calls. The 5 Megapixel digital camera, will almost certainly feature face detection and electronic image stabilization and enables capturing precious moments. The Samsung i900's operating system is Windows Mobile 6.1 which allows adding of other favourite programs to this cell phone.

Location-based games

Games played on a mobile piece of equipment using localization technology like GPS are called location-based games. In other words: while it does not matter for a normal mobile game where exactly you are (play them anywhere at anytime), the player's coordinate and movement are main elements in a Location-based game. The best-known example is the treasure hunt game Geocaching, which can be played on any mobile appliance with integrated or external GPS receiver. External GPS receivers are generally connected via Bluetooth. More and more mobile phones with integrated GPS are expected to come.

Besides Geocaching, there exist several other location-based games which are somewhat in the stage of research prototypes than a commercial success.

Mobile phone

The mobile phone or mobile, also called a wireless, cellular phone, cell phone, cell or hand phone (HP), is a long-range, portable electronic device used for mobile communication that uses a network of specialized foundation stations known as cell sites.

In addition to the standard voice function of a telephone, current mobile phones may support many other services, and accessories, such as SMS for text messaging, email, packet switching for access to the Internet, and MMS for sending and receiving photos and video. Most current mobile phones attached to a cellular network of base stations (cell sites), which is in turn interconnected to the public switched telephone network (PSTN) (the exception is satellite phones).

Software tools

Software tools for distributed processing contain standard APIs such as MPI and PVM and open source-based software solutions such as Beowulf and openMosix which facilitate the creation of a sort of "virtual supercomputer" from a collection of ordinary workstations or servers. Technology like Rendezvous pave the way for the making of ad hoc computer clusters. An example of this is the distributed rendering function in Apple's Shake compositing function. Computers running the Shake software simply need to be in proximity to each other, in networking terms, to automatically discover and use each other's resources. While no one has yet built an ad hoc computer cluster that rivals even yesteryear's supercomputers, the line between desktop, or even laptop, and supercomputer is beginning to blur, and is probable to continue to blur as built-in support for parallelism and distributed processing increases in mainstream desktop operating systems. An easy programming language for supercomputers remains an open explore topic in Computer Science.

Chemistry in Natural Science

Constituting the scientific learning of matter at the atomic and molecular scale, chemistry deals primarily with collections of atoms, such as gases, molecules, crystals, and metals. The composition, statistical properties, transformations and reply of these materials are studied. Chemistry also absorbs understanding the properties and interactions of individual atoms for use in larger-scale applications. Most chemical procedure can be studied directly in a laboratory, using a series of (often well-tested) techniques for manipulating materials, as well as an understanding of the underlying processes. Chemistry is often known as "the central science" because of its role in connecting the other natural sciences.

Early experiments in chemistry had their roots in the system of Alchemy, a set of values combining mysticism with physical experiments. The science of chemistry began to expand with the work of Robert Boyle, the discoverer of gas, and Antoine Lavoisier, who developed the theory of the Conservation of mass. The discovery of the chemical elements and the concept of Atomic Theory began to systematize this science, and researchers developed a basic understanding of states of matter, ions, chemical bonds and chemical reactions. The success of this science led to a complementary chemical industry that now acting a significant role in the world economy.

Photographic Paper

Until the advent of digital photographic processes, the individual meaning of photographic.

Paper was paper covered with light-sensitive chemicals. So-called photo papers of today are frequently specially coated papers for use in inkjet or laser printers to make digital prints. This article center of attention on traditional photographic papers. Photographic paper may be showing to light in a controlled manner either by placing a negative in make contact with the paper directly (contact printing) or by using an enlarger (enlarging) in order to create a latent image. Photographic papers are subsequently developed using wet chemicals to generate a visible image.